The RNA purification kit is used to purify and recover RNA molecules transcribed in vitro and total RNA extracted from various materials, which can effectively remove contaminating impurities in RNA samples. The recovery rate of this product can reach 80%, and the OD260/OD280 ratio of the obtained RNA is generally about 2.0, which can be directly used in subsequent sensitive experiments (such as microarray analysis, fluorescence RT-PCR, etc.). With the deepening of transcriptomics, the complexity of RNA types, expression regulation and functions is far beyond our imagination. Covid-19 Nucleic Acid Extraction Reagent,Nucleic Acid Extraction Reagent Kits,Dna Purification Kit,Rna Purification Kit Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.jlgkscience.com
Removing ribosomal RNAs that account for more than 80% helps to focus sequencing on less abundant but informative RNAs. At present, the removal of rRNA is mainly through the combined use of probe and RNase H. The processed RNA will be mixed with many digestion products, enzymes and ions, which is not conducive to the subsequent construction of RNA library. Take the Columnar RNA Purification Kit as an example. Trizol is a ready-to-use reagent that can be used to purify total RNA from tissues and cells. This is a single-phase solution of phenol and guanidine isothiocyanate that facilitates lysis of tissues and cells, inhibiting RNases to maintain RNA integrity.
High yield cultivation of pepper
Planting afforestation is also referred to as reforestation. It is best to plant seedlings during spring and winter, particularly when pepper buds and sprouts begin to emerge in the spring. Before and after winter, to prevent frost damage, trees can be pruned and planted, with their trunks buried underground. After the spring thaw, the mounds should be removed.
The main planting season is early autumn. With the harvest, digging begins. Pits of 70 cm in diameter and 50–60 cm deep are dug in advance. The soil is leveled, and planting takes place in autumn. About 8–10 seeds are placed per hole, with about 1 cm of soil covering them. Seedlings typically emerge the following spring. During summer, especially on rainy days, seedlings can be planted simultaneously. When one seedling remains per hole, it's important to select sunny or semi-sunny slopes in the lower part of the hill for direct seeding. Sandy loam soil is ideal for this purpose.
After planting pepper, weeding should be done 2–3 times a year, and irrigation should be provided promptly during dry periods. Pepper has a shallow root system, so weeds and trees compete for nutrients. Without proper weeding, the plants may struggle, and it’s said that "without weeding, the old ones are left behind." After harvesting, timely soil cultivation and fertilization are essential. In areas where irrigation is limited, applying fertilizer is crucial for stable and high yields. Pig manure is considered the best type of organic fertilizer. After 10–15 years of growth, ring trenching is applied around each tree, using approximately 25 kg per plant. Additionally, intercropping pepper with legumes and green manure crops can enhance soil fertility and increase income.
Zanthoxylum bungeanum typically starts sprouting in late March, showing buds by mid-April, flowering in early May, and then fruiting by mid-summer. If proper management is not maintained at this time, many flowers and fruits may drop. To preserve and protect the fruit, the following measures can be taken: 1) spray 10 mg/kg gibberellin during the flowering stage; 2) apply 0.3% phosphoric acid during flowering and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 0.3% urea solution during the middle flowering stage; 3) every 10 days after spraying, use 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.7% urea solution.
Pepper is a light-loving species with strong branching, which can lead to dense crowns and poor internal lighting. Proper pruning can improve this. After fruit harvesting, pruning should be done before the next spring's sprouting. Young trees and fruit-bearing trees should be pruned in the fall, while weak or old trees should be pruned in the spring.
There are three main shaping methods: triangle, plexiform, and natural happy shape. 1) Triangle: After cutting back, three main branches are selected, distributed in three directions—preferably north, southwest, and southeast—with a base angle of 60°–70°. Each main branch should have 4–7 lateral branches, with evenly spaced result branches. This structure promotes abundant light and large canopy, leading to high yields. 2) Plexiform: After planting, many branches grow from the base. After 4–5 years, 5–6 main branches are formed. This shape allows for early production but can become crowded over time, leading to aging if not managed properly. It is suitable for densely planted orchards. 3) Natural Happy: After planting, the first lateral branch is left at about 30 cm, and the shape is developed within 4–5 years. This form is stable and efficient for long-term yield.
Pruning methods vary depending on the tree’s growth stage. For young trees, the principle is to balance growth and fruiting. In the first year after planting, the tree is cut high, and the trunk base is cleared before sprouting in the second year. Branches at 50 cm are retained, with 5–7 main branches pruned. Other branches are not cut, but crowded, thin, weak, diseased, or long branches are removed. For fruit-bearing trees, excess branches are gradually removed, and careful trimming inside the crown is done to eliminate pests, cross branches, and maintain spacing. Vegetative branches are pruned to allow for balanced growth. For old trees, sparse pruning is used, removing large, weak, or unproductive branches, and rejuvenating the tree through selective cuts. For trees needing renewal, leggy branches should be used, and the skeletal structure should be updated accordingly.