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In recent years, with the further aging of the population, the number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients has continued to increase, coupled with people’s preference for traditional Chinese medicine products, especially the further increase in the demand for leeches in countries such as Europe and the United States, Japan, etc., which has caused the price of Chinese leeches to rise continuously. The price of kilograms has increased from the previous 80 yuan to 150 yuan. Breeding otters has become a rare way to make a fortune. Well-informed people may wish to devote more efforts to breeding otters.
The breeding technology of leeches is not complicated. Because of its strong resistance to disease, hunger and adaptability, it has the characteristics of low investment and quick results. However, because the mink originally lived in the natural environment, the time for artificial domestication was not long, and its inherent wild habits have not changed. Therefore, it is not easy to really produce good benefits. If the microenvironment and microclimate do not match in the artificial breeding process, their growth will be obstructed. Cylinder culture or small pool water body breeding is feasible, but it is difficult to form economies of scale. In addition, leeches are extremely sensitive to chemical fertilizers, pesticides, hydrochloric acid alkali, water temperature, oxygen and weather mutations. They can escape with slight discomfort and can only survive if they can't escape, and they can even cause death. Therefore, newly-built leeches cannot be disinfected with quicklime like other aquatic animals.
For the newly built brick cement pool, it is absolutely impossible to put seedlings immediately. This is because the alkaline substances (Portland cement, calcium hydroxide, etc.) in the newly built cement pool must be desalinated for more than 20 days before they can be suitable for the growth of leeches. In addition, the new aquaculture ponds cannot cast seedlings at one time. Instead, they should gradually increase the amount of feed after the overall environmental conditions of the aquaculture ponds gradually move towards a comprehensive balance in the food chain. It is even more difficult to believe that the number of fish should be put into every cubic meter of water. The blisters should be based on the well-balanced conditions between the specific conditions of the culture pond and the condition of the leeches.
In the purchase of water seedlings, some of the stings, malformations, hybrids, and diseased bracts should be removed. For those who have suffered internal and external injuries discovered after a few days of raising, they must also be singled out in a timely manner. In order to have a good harvest within one year of seeding, it is necessary to select healthy leeches older than 2 years old as seedlings. The bigger and more robust the individuals that breed pods, the higher their egg production, hatching rate and survival rate.
Animal blood clots are a favorite food for mink, but blood clots and their smell are not the only sensitive foods for mink. When the otters are hungry, the edible bait will eat it greedily. At the same time, blood clots without special treatment may pollute the water quality, and the cost is also high, so it is not appropriate to take it.
The food of leeches is very wide. The main body that promotes the growth and reproduction of leeches is aquatic organisms and food chains in breeding ponds, such as snails and their larvae, benthic molluscs, fish and insects, aquatic mycelium, aquatic algae, and nutrient-rich. humus. Hydra and all kinds of aquatic organisms are interdependent and coexistence. As long as we pay attention to the preparatory work, we often invest in artificially fully fermented animal excrement, plus inexhaustible sunlight, water and air, we can obtain the food chain. Virtuous circle. To achieve a good effect of reducing the cost of feeding and optimizing the ecological environment. At the same time, as long as the food chain is properly matched, the fresher the water quality and the richer the dissolved oxygen, the faster the growth of plankton and benthic animals, and the appropriate stocking density of leeches.
As an appropriate supplement to the main food chain, artificial feeds such as livestock and poultry fish feed and animal blood clots can be fed. The amount of feed can be determined based on the dynamic ratio between the physical and chemical properties of adult, seasonal, and aquaculture ponds and the culture density. For example, when the water temperature is between 22 and 27°C, if the water quality is fresh, you can feed more food. The feeding time may be before the leeches dispatch the foraging food in the evening, otherwise you may feed less.
The layout of aquaculture ponds should be reasonable. In addition to setting bank slopes, island beaches and grass planting trees, deepwater areas and shallow water areas should also be set. The advantage of this approach is that it can play a positive role in the cultivation of aquatic leeches in the ecological process, and simply setting the depth of water has many limitations. Some people like to put stones, branches, etc. in the breeding ponds. In fact, this is not a good method. The layout of aquaculture ponds should take into account the convenience of various operations, with the purpose of rationality, labor saving, time saving, labor saving and high efficiency.
The habitat of the otters varies according to time, area, season, and environment. For example, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, from April onwards, there will be some water cuts near the water's edge. During this period, it is necessary to give a tranquil environment at the beach slope to reduce the external environmental impact. After eating sativa, most of the burrowing is mainly in the daytime. When it is in short of feeding, it will temporarily immerse in aquatic plants, or adsorb on the wall of the pond, etc., and with its sensitive sense of smell and hearing, it can quickly attack the prey.
The leeks are very resistant to hunger. Once eaten for more than half a month, they can not eat and rely on the energy stored in their bodies to maintain their metabolism. At the same time, the special gene strand organization in the leech somatic cells can simultaneously split out antibody substances and hirudin, which have extremely strong antibacterial activity, and can effectively inhibit the invasion of pathogens, make them free from infection, and have extremely strong vitality.
The growth and reproduction status of leeches indicates that they have strong plasticity. As long as they are meticulously domesticated, purified and rejuvenated, it is possible to cultivate excellent varieties and to obtain good economic benefits.
The processing of leeches includes water boiling, lime boring, wine boring, alkali burning, sun drying, and salting. After processing, the finished product is in the shape of a natural, flat spindle with a slightly raised back, flat ventral surface, crisp and easy to fold, and preferably a gel-like and shiny section.
The water scalding method will concentrate the captured blisters in the pot, and pour the boiled water into it suddenly. It is advisable to submerge the blisters with boiling water to 2~3 fingertips. After 20 minutes, the scalded blisters can be removed and cleaned. The place, such as the first time there is no hot water, can be hot again the second time. If there is a large number of leeches caught in the culture, this method is suitable for treatment.
The lime smoldering method piles up the captured leeches in lime and buries for about 20 minutes. The leeches will poison and die. Then dried or dried, sieved to lime is finished.
The wine stuffy method poured high liquor into a container filled with leeches to submerge the otters. Then seal and seal for 30 minutes. The leeches are drunk and then washed with clean water and dried to be used for sale.
Alkali-burning method is used to sprinkle food alkaloids into a container filled with blisters, and the blisters are turned up and down, rubbed and rolled, and under the action of alkali powder, the blisters will gradually shrink and become smaller, and finally the treated blisters will be washed with clean water. Dry it.
The sunbathing method uses the wire to wrap the captured otters and hangs them in direct sunlight. After being dried, it can be stored for sale.
Saline method Put the leeches in the container, put a layer of water on it and spread the salt until the container is full, and the salted leeches can be dried. However, because of the salt content in the dry powder, it will reduce the selling price of the leeches, and it may return to the tide. Therefore, leeches treated in this way should be sold in time.
It is worth noting that it is best to choose sunny days when processing leeches. Because it can't dry on cloudy days, it's prone to decay. Processed leeches are generally exposed to sunlight for 4-7 days to dry. If it cannot be dry during a rainy day during this period, it should be warmed and dried indoors. Second, it is best to put it on the sand and hang it to dry when it is dry. The scented product is best packed in a coarse cloth bag, covered with a plastic bag and kept sealed to prevent moisture absorption and mildew from affecting sales.
Medicinal leeches feeding and processing technology
The leeches, commonly known as grasshoppers, also known as money crickets, are aquatic animals with a variety of medicinal functions. For example, there is a hydroid cord in the saliva of leeches, which can be used to inhibit the activity of thrombin and prevent fibrinogen from forming fibrinogen, thereby inhibiting the formation of blood stasis. In the past, people used leeches to suck the pus and blood of trauma patients to achieve the purpose of clearing blood stasis; Chinese medicine also used the dried blister body to make drugs, and used it to treat blood stasis, amenorrhea, bruises and other illnesses. . Modern medical research has further proved that Minamata has special effects in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and anti-cancer.