Vegetable base fertilizer should pay attention to

With the improvement of people’s quality of life and their emphasis on their own nutrition and health, the proportion of pollution-free vegetables and organic vegetables on the daily table of ordinary people is growing. Now is the season when various vegetables are listed. How can we ensure our own cultivation? The production of pollution-free vegetables is high and the quality is also high? For the production of pollution-free vegetables, the base fertilizer should be dominated by organic fertilizers, and appropriate amount of chemical fertilizers should be mixed. The amount of basal fertilizer should account for more than 70% of the total amount of fertilizer applied to the crop. The organic fertilizer such as plant residue fertilizer or soil miscellaneous fertilizer, mineral phosphate fertilizer, and turfgrass are all used as base fertilizer. Other fertilizers can be used as part of the base fertilizer. When determining the type and quantity of basal fertilizer, special attention should be paid to the following points: To prevent fertilizer concentration barriers. If an excessive amount of chemical fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, local high-concentration fertilizer obstacles may be caused, while the organic fertilizer is slow and has large buffering properties, and even if it is used in large quantities, concentration barriers rarely occur. Therefore, when the total amount of vegetable base fertilizer is insufficient, it can only be satisfied by increasing the amount of organic fertilizer. 2. Less nitrate and ammonium nitrate fertilizers are used. The vegetables are nitric acid nitrogen crops, but the nitrate nitrification fertilizers applied to the soil are not easily absorbed by the soil, and are easily leached by rain or irrigation. Therefore, it is not appropriate to make a large amount of basal fertilizer; too much ammonium ammonium nitrification fertilizer will cause serious fertility obstacles. The phenomenon of leaf yellowing or atrophy appeared. At the same time, it will also affect the absorption of calcium and magnesium fertilizers by crops, and it is not suitable for large-scale basal fertilizers. Therefore, it is better to use amide nitrogen fertilizer (urea). In nitrogen fertilizers, 70% of crop nitrogen is supplied as base fertilizer and 30% is topdressing. Fertilizers should account for 3/5 of the 30% nitrogen fertilizer used as top dressing. Organic nitrogen fertilizers such as human feces and urine are used as top dressing only at the initial stage of planting of vegetable crops. 3. Phosphate fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer. In general, the absorption of phosphorus fertilizer by vegetables is 100 grams for nitrogen, and 25-30 grams for phosphorus. The key period for the need for phosphate fertilizer in vegetable production is in the early stage of fertility. If the phosphate fertilizer is insufficient at seedling stage, even if a large amount of phosphate fertilizer is added later, the yield will still be reduced. Therefore, phosphate fertilizers are generally used as base fertilizers. 4. Fertilization should be accurate and reasonable. Different geology, different seedlings, different types of fertilization in different seasons, and fertilization methods will be different. Low-fertilizer vegetable plots can be treated with nitrogen and organic manure to cultivate fertility; vegetable nitrogen at the seedling stage is conducive to early and long-lasting vegetables; high temperatures in summer and autumn, high nitrate reductase activity is not conducive to the accumulation of nitrate, can be applied in an appropriate amount Nitrogen fertilizer. Different types of vegetables absorb different levels of nitrate, spinach, cabbage, leeks, lettuce, etc., it is easy to accumulate nitrate, it is strictly prohibited to use nitrate-nitrogen fertilizer; cabbage, leaf lettuce, etc., less accumulation of nitrate can be applied in small quantities; tomato, eggplant Fruit, vegetables, and root vegetables such as pepper, radish, and carrots are lighter in nitrate accumulation, and nitrate nitrogen can be stopped 15-30 days before harvest. Summer and autumn vegetables have high temperatures in the growing season, and they are not easy to accumulate nitrates. They can apply appropriate nitrogen fertilizers. In winter and spring, the light is weak, and it is easy to accumulate nitrates. No nitrogen fertilizer should be applied or reduced.

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