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Spring celery sowing cultivation points
The seedling stage of spring sowing celery is typically cool, with low temperatures that create an environment favorable for flower bud differentiation. However, prolonged exposure to sunlight can lead to premature bolting. To avoid this, it's recommended to choose later-maturing varieties such as Beijing Boler or Tianjin Baimiao celery, which are more resistant to early flowering.
1. **Open-field spring celery**
Spring celery can be directly sown in open fields, but the timing and care during the seedling stage are crucial.
(1) **Seed sowing**
Live direct sowing is usually done after winter soil has thawed, when the average daily temperature reaches about 5°C. The seeding rate per mu should be between 0.75 to 1 kg. Due to the early sowing and low temperatures, most plants may bolt prematurely. Therefore, the growth period is shorter—about 70 to 90 days. Special attention must be given to fertilization and watering to promote vegetative growth and delay flowering. Harvesting should occur when the stems are still young.
(2) **Seedling transplanting**
To get spring celery to market earlier and improve yield and quality, seedlings can be grown under protection such as solar greenhouses, plastic tunnels, or raised beds. Sowing usually takes place from late January to late February, with planting scheduled for April. The first harvest can be expected from late May to mid-June.
When sowing, the cover soil should be thin—about 0.5 cm—and the soil should be kept moist. A good amount of bottom water should be applied before covering the seeds with a film. Maintain a bed temperature of 20–25°C to help germination. Once the seedlings are ready, they should be gradually cooled down to 18–20°C, keeping them cool and moist. Seedlings should be around 50–60 days old before transplanting.
(3) **Field management**
Transplant seedlings at a density of 10–15 square meters per plant, or 3–5 plants per hole. Since spring celery has a short growth cycle, it tends to bolt quickly if not managed properly. Therefore, close planting is recommended to increase yield. Apply sufficient organic fertilizer before planting and maintain a stable temperature in the early stages. Strengthen cultivation practices, raise the temperature to encourage root development, and reduce seedling elongation. After the seedlings have acclimated, focus on water and fertilizer management to promote healthy vegetative growth and delay flowering.
2. **Plastic shed spring celery**
For plastic shed cultivation, the variety selection and sowing time are similar to open-field methods. Sowing usually begins in early January to late January, using solar greenhouses or plastic tunnels. Planting is scheduled for late March, about 20–25 days before planting, the film and small arch sheds should be put up, and good fertilizer should be applied to warm the soil. Remove the film when planting, break the membrane to make holes for planting, and place 2–3 plants per hole. Avoid making the planting holes too large or planting too deep. After planting, water thoroughly and cover with straw mats at night to retain heat and protect against cold. Try to avoid prolonged exposure to temperatures below 13°C, as this can trigger early flower bud formation and cause premature bolting. Adequate sunlight also helps prevent flower bud formation. Once the celery starts growing, ensure proper fertilization and watering to support growth and prepare for the morning market.