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Postharvest management of grapes
After the harvest of grape clusters, it's crucial to manage the continued growth of the vine. If left unchecked, the vines will continue to consume nutrients from the plant, which can weaken the tree and reduce future yields. To control this, techniques such as tip pinching and shoot removal are commonly used. Additionally, applying a 0.05% long-term growth inhibitor solution can effectively suppress excessive vine growth and minimize nutrient depletion.
Once the fruit is harvested, the vine has used up a significant amount of energy and nutrients. To restore its vitality and improve photosynthesis, foliar sprays should be applied promptly. A mixture of 0.2% urea and 0.2% dipotassium phosphate is recommended, sprayed every 10 days for 2–3 applications. In the fall, it's also important to apply basal fertilizer. This includes 2000 tons of organic compost per acre, mixed with soil and 20 kg of superphosphate, then placed into trenches to enrich the soil for the next growing season.
Disease and pest control must not be neglected after harvest. Spraying a 200-times diluted Bordeaux mixture, or solutions like 50% Ketect WP (500 times), 65% Dexamethasone WP (500 times), or 70% Thiophanate-methyl WP (1000 times) every 10–15 days helps prevent infections and keep the vineyard healthy.
Soil management is another key factor. After harvesting, cultivating the soil and removing weeds helps improve aeration and water retention, promoting better root development and new shoot growth. Deep tilling also enhances soil structure and nutrient availability.
Finally, after removing the leaves, it's essential to clean the vineyard thoroughly during winter pruning. All fallen leaves and debris should be removed and destroyed or buried to eliminate disease sources and reduce the risk of infection in the following season.