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Nanguo pear tree autumn and winter management
In the first step, tree management involves pruning upright new shoots to make them grow horizontally, encouraging the development of lateral and auxiliary branches. This helps in flattening the branches and creating a more open canopy. Thinning the crown is essential to improve light penetration and air circulation. Remove any crowded, vertical, overlapping, or competing branches, as well as those that are unproductive or located near the pruning cuts. For young orchards, where new shoots grow rapidly, it's important to control their vigorous growth through techniques like branch spreading and topping the central shoot during winter.
Secondly, proper fertilization in autumn and winter plays a crucial role in supporting the second growth peak. It's also the best time to apply base fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be applied after mid-season varieties have been harvested but before late-season ones. Typically, for every 100 kg of fruit produced, you need about 0.8–2 kg of nitrogen, 0.26–1.4 kg of phosphorus, and 0.8–1.9 kg of potassium. During the fruiting period, chemical fertilizers should be combined with 2000–3000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure per acre. Autumn and winter fertilization should account for 60–70% of the annual total. You can use all organic fertilizers, one-third of available nitrogen, and full amounts of phosphate and potassium. Combining fertilization with irrigation helps decompose the nutrients more effectively, making them easier for the roots to absorb and utilize.
Third, pest and disease control is essential during this time. Common pests include the second generation of peach borer and red spider mites. Peach borers can be controlled using diflubenzuron or polyester, while red spider mites can be managed with combinations such as dichlorvos + dimethoate, dipterone, or imidacloprid. After harvest, protecting the leaves is important, so foliar sprays of fertilizers and fungicides like potassium dihydrogen phosphate, too-fluid, thiophanate-methyl, and chlorothalonil can be applied.
Lastly, water management is critical in autumn and winter, especially in dry or low-rain years. Watering should be done immediately after applying fertilizer. Before the onset of frost, the entire orchard should be flooded once to ensure the soil is saturated to a depth of 20–30 cm. This practice helps promote better flowering and fruiting in the following spring, as well as supports overall tree health and growth.