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How to prevent peanuts and other pests
Tigers and crickets are underground pests that pose a serious threat to peanut crops. These pests are not only persistent, surviving for long periods in the soil, but they also cause significant damage by creating gaps in seedlings and affecting plant growth. They are currently one of the most critical threats to peanut production due to their hidden nature, as they remain active beneath the surface, making them difficult to detect and manage.
To effectively control these pests, an integrated approach is essential. This includes both cultural and chemical methods.
First, agricultural practices play a key role. Crop rotation is recommended, such as planting peanuts after corn or millet, to avoid continuous cropping that can lead to pest buildup. In the fall, deep plowing helps bring pests to the surface where they can be exposed to sunlight or eaten by birds, reducing their population naturally.
Chemical control methods are also important. Before sowing, seeds can be coated with insecticides to protect them from early damage. For example, 3% carbofuran granules at a rate of 22.5–30 kg per hectare can be spread evenly on the field and lightly incorporated into the soil. Alternatively, phorate granules can be used in the same manner. These granules can also be sprinkled directly into the planting furrows before covering the seeds.
Another option is to mix the insecticide with organic fertilizer and apply it as a base fertilizer. During the juvenile and young stages of the pests, which typically occur in late June and July, 35–45 kg of phoxim granules mixed with 250–300 kg of fine soil can be applied around the peanut roots. Additionally, a solution of 50% phoxim or 90% trichlorfon diluted at 1000 times can be poured directly onto the roots for effective control.
Aphids and locusts are also common pests that feed on peanut sap and act as vectors for viral diseases. To manage them, early detection and intervention are crucial. A 40% omethoate solution diluted at 1000 times can be used to effectively control aphid populations and reduce the spread of viruses.
By combining these strategies, farmers can better manage underground and above-ground pests, ensuring healthier peanut crops and higher yields.