Cultivation Techniques of Winter Seeding Suspension Peas

(1) The selection of improved varieties is based on the classification of peas. Hard peas, ie peas for grains, generally only have green beans; soft peas, ie peas for pods, are soft and edible. Some peas are edible tender shoots or young shoots. Some can be used for feeding or green manure. The main varieties are as follows:
White peas: hard pods, plant height 70cm ~ 200cm, strong growth, light green leaves, flowering from the first tenth festival, each with two flowers (double pods), white flowers, pod length 6 cm, width 1.5 In centimeters, 4 to 5 seeds per pod, mature seeds are round and smooth, light yellow. Stripping tender seeds for food, produce 400 to 500 kg of fresh soybean meal, and 100 to 150 kg of dried bean seed.
Medium pea No. 4: hard pupa species, stem dwarf erect, plant height 55 cm, leaves light green, white flowers, pod length 8 cm, width 1.2 cm, yellow and white seed material, one hundred grain weight 23 grams, green bean tender grains, For early maturing varieties. The yield of green pea pods is between 600 kg and 800 kg, and that of dry bean seeds is between 150 kg and 200 kg.
Zhongwan No. 6: Hard pod species, plant height 40 cm to 50 cm, dark green stems and leaves, white flowers, 7 to 10 pods per plant, 7.9 cm in length, 1.2 cm in width, large and full pods, dry The beans are light green, with a weight of 25 grams, fresh produce of 600-800 kg per mu, 200 kg of dried peas, and 600-700 kg of bean stalks.
Dutch beans: soft pod species, plant height 150 cm to 200 cm, light green leaves, purple flowers, 7.5 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, tender green, brown tan, late-maturing varieties, 350 kg per mu.
Food and vegetable pea No.1: Soft quail species, plant height 70 cm, white flower, pod length 16 cm, width 3 cm, sword shape, 5 荚 to 6 每 per plant, up to 10 荚, double pods, 5 per pod Grain ~ 6 grains, up to 11 grains, grain white, oblate, 100 grams weight 31 grams, thick stems, section dense, large leaves, open type compact, growth period 188 days, fresh glutinous rice yield 700 kg ~ 1000 kilogram.
No Needle Tip No.1: special varieties of bean sprouts, creeping, hard tortoise, plant height 130 cm, white flowers, multiple leaves of the compound leaves and the top without tendrils, white grain, oblate, 100-grain weight 30 grams, dried beans containing Crude protein 43.72%, crude fat 4.67%, crude fiber 9.17%, and rich in a variety of amino acids, large fleshy leaves, color green, cooking dishes have a special fragrance, quality is better than local varieties.
American bean sprouts: The pea varieties introduced from the United States that are specially used for picking young shoots or young shoots are tender, fresh and nutritious. The plant height is 185 cm to 195 cm. The compound leaves have tendrils, the leaves are small, the flowers are white, and the quality is good. High-yield, more cold-resistant, not heat-resistant, yielding 800 kg per mu in autumn sowing.
(2) Deep plowing and finishing, the rotation of peas should not be used for continuation, because pea roots secrete toxic substances that affect fertility; excessive secretion of organic acids affects rhizobia fertility, aggravation of diseases and pests and other reasons, so the type of land that has been grown and peas must be separated by 4 years. ~ 5 years before replanting. Deep plowing and intensive cultivation to create soil environmental conditions suitable for the growth and development of pea roots and nodules. According to the variety characteristics, the soil drainage status, the vegetable high stem variety 1.5 meters (Liangou) kind of 2 rows, the grain high straw 2 meters (even ditch) kind of 4 rows, the dwarf 2.5 meters to 3.5 meters (Liangou) Six species.
(3) The sowing period of appropriate peas sowing is in the middle and late October. Generally, the planting density is 40 centimeters and 20 centimeters, with about 10,000 holes per mu. The high stalk varieties have lower density than the dwarf varieties: the density of seedling varieties can be increased or drilled. Seeds from 2 to 3 seeds per hole, 5 kg to 7.5 kg per mu. The dish uses high pole soft pod peas, high stalk sweet peas, row spacing 70 cm to 80 cm, and 30 cm spacing, which is convenient for managing picking. Zhongma No.4, No.6, and other early-maturing, dwarf peas, sown in late November, with 10 kg per mu, spacing between 30 cm and 35 cm, 10 cm to 15 cm, and 2 or 3 capsules per hole. Drilling. Premature sowing will bloom within a year and frost damage will occur.
(4) Applying basic fertilizer before sowing Mushi in general Mushi fertilizer 2500 kg, superphosphate 25 kg to 30 kg, potassium chloride 10 kg to 15 kg, the best combination of organic fertilizer and fertilizer applied. A large number, full-scale application, a small number, application or acupoint. It is also possible to use 30 kg to 40 kg of ternary fertilizer, but not to contact the seeds.
(5) Field management checks seedlings to make up for deficiency after emergence; interplanting and weeding 1 or 2 times to loosen soil and eliminate weeds: pay attention to top-dressing at seedling stage, especially for plots where no base fertilizer is applied or less, generally applying compound fertilizer per acre. 5 kg to 7.5 kg or 5 kg of urea or 1,000 kg of decomposed human urine to promote the early formation of seedling growth and root nodule; after the spring temperature rises in the high culm cultivar, the plant will be exposed to 1000 kg of human urine to promote the early growth of seedling growth and nodule formation. High stalk cultivars, after the temperature rises in the spring, when the plants begin to elongate, use the bamboo shoots or shoots with branches or branching branches (to be removed from the leaves), and insert them between the rows so that the pea plants can climb upright and grow well. Many knots and high yields. The peas are not resistant to waterlogging and do a clean ditch drainage work in spring so that there is no water accumulation in the ditch. When pea blossoms and scabs, due to the need for more nutrients, 7.5 kg of urea is topdressed and 5 kg of compound fertilizer is applied. During the grain phase, 0.2% urea solution and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be used for extra-root dressing 2 times.
(6) Harvest quality at a proper time According to the different edible methods of peas, timely harvesting is determined to ensure the quality of food. Harvesting of dried peas: Generally, peas are harvested 15 to 18 days after flowering and harvested when the grains are full. Leaves yellow, 70% to 80% when soybean meal is yellow. Harvest of vegetable peas (Dutch Bean): Generally, 12 to 14 days after flowering, pods are in the middle and late stages of grouting. When the pods are harvested, they are harvested, matured and harvested. Harvest of pea seedlings: peas that are specially prepared for picking up shoots for soup or fried food, picking tender seedlings with 2 to 3 true leaves of seedlings, and harvesting whole plants at 3 cm to 5 cm in height; picking young shoots at About 30 days after sowing, the height of the seedlings was about 18 cm and the top shoots were picked. After every 10 days or so, they were picked 6 to 7 times. Harvest of fresh green peas: Fresh green peas are used for quick-freezing or canning, harvesting when the pods are well-filled, pods are swelled, and the beans are sweet and tender. In addition, the peas used as feed were harvested at flowering stage (75% of the plants were flowered) and the plants were rich in nutrients. For green manure peas, turn over immediately after harvesting fruit.

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