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I. Harmful symptoms Vegetable root-knot nematode diseases mainly damage cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes, and eggplants. Cucumbers and tomatoes are the most dangerous. Root knot nematodes harm the roots of crops, which mainly occur in the fibrous roots and lateral roots of the roots of the plants. The fibrous roots and lateral roots of the damaged plants form beaded, spherical or conical shaped bead-like nodules, also known as root knots. The roots of tomato often form a string of beetles like millet or mung bean on the root, whereas cucumber root knots form root nodules or roots of varying sizes on the lateral roots. Cut open nodules visible inside the transparent white needle size particles, that is, female adults. The growth and development of the above-ground parts of the diseased plants are hindered, but the symptoms are not obvious; the growth is slow, the leaves are yellow, the plants are short and small, the development is unfavorable, and the fruits and fruits are small and small. As the disease progresses, the plants gradually die.
Second, prevention and control measures (a) thoroughly remove the root cause and focus on treatment. Greenhouses or vegetable fields in Daejeon should be used to immediately clear the soil after the harvest of vegetables to reduce the source of disease and reduce the incidence. (B) a reasonable rotation. Rotating crops is an easy preventive measure that can significantly reduce the number of nematodes in the soil. Such as onions, garlic crop rotation, can play a role in reducing the source of insects. (c) Extermination at high temperatures. Using the summer high temperature season, apply 500 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre, deep-dip, ridicule, irrigation, cover the white mulch, and maintain for 40 days (if you do not expose the greenhouse film, keep it for 20 days), which can effectively kill the insect parasites. (d) no disease soil nursery or seed bed disinfection. When raising the seedlings, use a new soil that has not been planted with vegetables for bed soil nursery or use 3 liters of 1.8% of avermectin 2000 times per square meter of seedbed to spray, mix well and then nurse the seedlings with nutrients. (v) Soil treatment before planting. The use of 1.8% of avermectin 1.80 per mu and 500 ml of Lebensin was mixed with water. Immediately after spraying the surface, it was soiled and planted. Can also be used 0.5% avermectin granules 3 ~ 4 kg, planting before the hole.
How to prevent vegetable root knot nematode disease
In recent years, with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, the cultivated area of ​​vegetables in protected areas has been rapidly expanded, which provides a suitable environment for the occurrence and development of root-knot nematodes, allowing the root-knot nematodes in the soil to accumulate and multiply. Continuous crops of cucumbers and tomatoes have suffered more, often causing serious reductions in yields or crop failures, and the disease is on the rise year after year.