High-yield planting techniques and main pest control in Atractylodes macrocephala

How does Atractylodes grow in high cold areas? What are the precautions for the whitening seedling transplanting technique in high cold areas? Atractylodes enjoys a cool climate, fearing high temperature and humidity. The medicinal part of Atractylodes is the rhizome part. The following is a high-yield planting technique for Atractylodes macrocephala.

高寒地区白术高产种植技术及主要病虫害防治

1. Land selection and land preparation

The nursery site chooses sandy loam with good fertility, good drainage, high dryness and cool ventilation. The fertilizer is 2000kg per mu, and the base fertilizer is 20cm deep. The sputum is flat and fine, and it is made into a ridge of 1~1.2m wide. Daejeon should choose fertile, ventilated, cool, well-drained sandy loam soil. After the previous crops are harvested, 4000 kg of farmyard manure per acre is applied, 50 kg of superphosphate is used as the base fertilizer, and 20 cm is turned deep to make the rafts with a width of 1 to 1.5 m.

2. Nursery

Select a new seed with full grain and no pests and diseases, soak it in warm water at 25 ° C ~ 30 ° C for 24 hours, and remove the germination. Sowing from late March to early April, the seeding method should be carried out by seeding or spreading. Before sowing, spray water on the raft. After the subsurface soil is slightly dry, sown by ditch 15cm, the ditch depth is 4 ~ 6cm, the broadcast width is 7 ~ 9cm, the bottom of the ditch should be flat, and the soil cover is flat after sowing. Repress and re-water 1 time, about 4kg per mu. The spreader, after the underwater seepage, evenly spread the seeds, cover the shallow soil, about 5kg per mu. After about 15 days of sowing, the seedlings will be planted. Before the transplanting in winter, about 400kg of fresh planting can be cultivated per acre.

3. Transplanting

In the winter, it can be transplanted, but in cold regions, the winter is cold, and the planting requires winter planting. The plant was planted in the same year without leafing, the main buds were strong, the rhizome was small and neat, and the apricot kernel was better. Cut the roots, according to the groove with a line spacing of 25cm and a depth of 10cm, and plant the plant into the ditch at a distance of about 15cm, with the bud tip pointing up and level with the ground. After the planting, the sides were slightly suppressed, and after all the plants were finished, the water was poured again. Generally, 50 to 60 kg of fresh planting is required per acre.

4. The field management seedlings were weeded in time after emergence and the seedlings were between 4 and 6 cm. If the weather is dry, you can plant grass between plants to reduce water evaporation. In areas where conditions permit, watering can be done in the morning and evening or by using sprinkler irrigation. If the leaf is found in the late growth stage, it should be removed in time.

高寒地区白术高产种植技术及主要病虫害防治

5. Daejeon management

The seedlings were unearthed until May, and there were many weeds in the field. The cultivating and weeding should be diligent. The first few times of cultivating can be deeper and should be shallow later. After mid-May, the plants enter a period of vigorous growth, generally no longer cultivated, and if there are weeds between the plants, they can be removed by hand. In mid-June, the plants began to bud, and the buds were removed in batches from the beginning of the bud to the flowering in July. Picking buds is beneficial to improve the yield and quality of Atractylodes Rhizome. During the growth period of Atractylodes macrocephala, sufficient water is needed, especially when the rhizome enlargement period requires more water. If it is dry, it should be watered for irrigation in time. If water accumulates after rain, it should be drained in time. Before and after the bud, the fertilizer can be applied once, and 20 kg of urea and 30 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per acre in the inter-row ditch, and the soil is covered and watered after application. One week after picking up the buds, one more fat can be applied. It should be noted that field operations such as weeding, loosening, fertilization, and bud removal should be carried out after the dew is dried.

6. Pest control

There are many pests and diseases of Atractylodes, and the following are commonly found:

1 Blight disease. Low temperature and high humidity are prone to hair growth, which occurs mostly in the planting area and is harmful to the roots. Control method: reduce the humidity in the field; in the early stage of the disease, water is treated with 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution. 2 iron leaf disease. Also known as leaf blight. It originated in April and was particularly serious from June to August, which is harmful to the leaves. Control method: remove the diseased plants; use 1:1: 100 Bordeaux mixture at the beginning of the disease, and spray with 50% methyl or carbendazim 1000 times later. 3 white rickets. Also known as root rot rot disease. The onset of the disease is the same as iron leaf disease, which is harmful to the roots. Control method: Rotate with grass crops; remove diseased plants and disinfect the diseased holes with quicklime powder; 4 root rots. Also known as rotten root disease. The onset of the disease is the same as iron leaf disease, especially when the humidity is high, which is harmful to the roots. Control methods: breeding resistant varieties; rotation with grass crops, or water-and-dry rotation; soaking seeds with 50% carbendazim 1000 times for 5 minutes to 10 minutes before planting; 50% carbendazim or 50% for initial stage of disease The base of the thiophene 1000 times water is poured into the ward. In areas where underground pests are severely damaged, it can be watered from 1000 to 1500 times liquid fruit or 800 times liquid trichlorfon. 5 rust originated in May, which is harmful to the leaves. Control method: clean the pastoral; spray 25% powder rusting 1000 times solution at the beginning of the disease. In addition, there are still sclerotinia, mosaic disease, aphids, root-knot nematodes, southern dodder, and small tigers. It is forbidden to use any pesticides from 7 days to 10 days before harvesting. It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic pesticides throughout the growing season. 6 Harvesting From late October to mid-November, when the stems and leaves of Atractylodes macrocephala began to wither, the roots were shaved and the stems were cut.

高寒地区白术高产种植技术及主要病虫害防治

7. Seed retention technology

Atractylodes can be divided into plant selection and chip selection, the former can improve seed purity. Generally, from July to August, the plant is selected to be robust, with small branches, large leaves, flat buds and large seedlings. Remove the flower buds that are opened late or early, and choose 5 to 6 flower buds per plant. Seeds were harvested in mid-November. Select the sunny day to dig up the plant and cut off the underground rhizome, bundle the ground into small handles, hang it upside down under the eaves for 20 to 30 days, then bake for 1 to 2 days, thresh, lift the velvet and sorghum seeds, and load Inside the bag or sack, hang in a cool, ventilated place. Note that Atractylodes seeds can not be exposed for a long time, otherwise it will reduce the germination rate.

Farmers who want to learn how to plant Atractylodes should quickly seize the opportunity to learn from Huinong. More exciting content is available in Huinong.com!

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