Autumn axillary buds are the best
The best time is from mid-September to early October. In recent years, fruit farmers in many places have planted a large number of eucalyptus trees. However, after many years of planting, they did not see the results of flowering or some flowering and fruiting in the garden, but the fruit was small and of poor quality. The main reasons for this chase are farmers who lack experience in introducing them. Some of them do not introduce seedlings, but they are poor grafted varieties. In fact, the survival rate of buds in the fall is high, the score of nursery propagation is large, the quality of the seedlings is good, and the production of high-yielding varieties is quick, which is a very good grafting technique. As long as the farmers follow the following procedures, their own orchards will not be fruitless. 1. Selecting the scions The scions should be selected from the strong mother trees with high yield, stable yield, high quality, and no quarantine diseases and pests. It is better to select the 1-2 year old shoots with full growth in the middle and upper part of the crown, moderate thickness, and complete and dark green leaves. Second, the preparation of rootstock and scion Grafting should be given before the first half of the rootstock weeding, loose soil, fertilization, in case of drought should be 5 days before grafting irrigation. The scion is usually used with the picking and should be picked on sunny morning morning dew or in the afternoon when the sun is weak. Remove the leaves immediately after scion cutting. Long-range ear harvesting should be wrapped in plastic film or moss and placed in a cloth bag or wooden box to maintain moisture. Immediately after delivery to the destination, open the package and bury the scion in a cool place with wet sand. Third, the best period for selection of buds during the grafting period is from mid-September to early October. Grafting should choose the day after the rain is fine. In the event of drought, the nursery before grafting and the big tree with high grafting should be irrigated once to facilitate skinning. Fourth, the specific operation process seedlings when the rootstock thickness of 0.8-1 cm can be grafted. When grafting, select the smooth side of the rootstock skin, clean the grafting site with a rag 10-15 cm from the ground, and use the knife tip to draw two parallel incisions from the bottom up, about 0.6-0.8 cm wide and about 3 cm long. Deep into the xylem, so that the upper part of the incision, connected into a tongue, and then from top to bottom, the provocation of the cortex, cut off the majority of the upper half of the skin, leaving a small half, in order to clip buds. Scions should be selected for growth and enrichment. There should be 1-2 years of growing branches with thin internodes, small petiole, and white hairs covered with buds, with a diameter of about 1 cm. Cut a 2-2.5 cm long, 0.6 cm wide bud with no xylem in the middle of the cutting. The buds grow tongue-shaped and fit just at the cut of the rootstock or slightly smaller. Then, a small half of the skin on the rootstock is covered on the bud, and a 1.3 cm wide plastic film strip is wound from bottom to top, and the upper and lower rings are overlapped. Generally, they are healed after about 25 days. The method of high grafting and replacement is to cut off too many branches other than the main branch and the central trunk on the main trunk. Grafting is performed only on the main branches and the main trunk of each layer. When the tree has more space, it can be supplemented. Branches. When the main branches are thick and long, they can be staggered and grafted at a distance of 30-50 cm to increase the number of branches after grafting to survive, so as to facilitate restoration of the crown. In the autumn, the grafted shoots will be grafted in the spring of the second year. V. Management measures after grafting 1. Check the survival rate. Usually 20-28 days after grafting can distinguish whether to survive. It can be checked from the state of sprouting and petiole, where the buds are fresh and the petioles are ready to touch. The buds were dried, the color was brown, the buds were dry, and some scions were black at the top, indicating that they did not survive. All those who have not survived should make up for it in a timely manner. 2, broken film buds. When the buds start to germinate, the graft film that carefully prevents germination is carefully picked up with the blade tip. If the buds have survived, after 7-10 days of unwinding the membrane strip, the rootstock is cut 4/5 of its diameter above the sprouts, and the rootstock is cut off from the shear, so that 1/5 of the stock is also connected with the stem, and the upper and lower moisture The nutrient is connected, and some nutrients are supplied to the sprouts. The buds are to be sprouted and the first new shoot is drawn. At least 4-5 pieces of mature leaves are used or later. After the new shoots are stopped, they will be added to the stock. All branches and leaves were cut off. 3, timely eradication of buds. The center of management is to protect the scion and promote its germination. The root buds sprouting on the lower part of the interface should be wiped off in a timely manner. At the same time, the new shoots and ears on the water branch should be removed to reduce the nutrient consumption. After the new shoot is matured, the anvil is broken 1 cm above the interface. 4, vertical pillars to protect new shoots. The young shoots of the new shoots are large and easy to be blown by the wind, and the pillars should be tied with a film strip or other ropes to form a "8" shape. 5, pay attention to fertilizer management. When the spring shoots are old and ripe, they should be applied thin fertilizers. Fertilizer applied on the original crown drip line, triggering fine roots. Water should be sprayed in time when drought occurs, and drainage should be conducted to prevent waterlogging during the rainy season. 6, timely control of pests and diseases. The yellow caterpillar can be manually killed and the aphid can be sprayed with 40% dichlorvos 1000 times spray. Control of leaf spot can be used in the shoot growth stage with 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times or 400 times with Green Depot, spray 2-3 times per shoot period, spray 10 times a day. China Agricultural Network Editor