Before the onset of winter, weed seedlings are small and have weak resistance to herbicides. This is because weeds in wheat fields typically have two peak periods for weeding, and more than 80% of the total weeds are exposed before the first weeding. As a result, traditional spring herbicide practices are being replaced with pre-winter weeding, which is considered the most effective method for controlling weeds in wheat fields. **I. Weeding in Rapeseed Fields** 1. **Pre-planting chemical control**: Three to five days before transplanting rapeseed, apply 200 ml of 20% paraquat per mu, mixed with 50 kg of water, and spray it on the ground to eliminate existing weeds. 2. **Stem and leaf treatment**: - For fields dominated by grassy weeds: Use 50–70 ml of 5% high-efficiency herbicide or 80–100 ml of 5% oxadiazon per mu. - For broadleaf weed-dominant fields: Apply 45–50 ml of 30% chlorimuron-ethyl per mu or 90–120 ml of 17.5% fluroxypyr per mu. Mix with more than 25 kg of water and spray when the temperature is above 10°C and weeds are at the 3–5 leaf stage. **II. Weeding in Wheat Fields** 1. For grassy weeds like aphids and wild oats, apply 150–200 g of 20% ethidium or 125–200 g of 50% isoproturon, or 70 ml of 50% acetochlor (not suitable for seedless wheat or flooded fields) mixed with 50 kg of water before sowing. During the 3–5 leaf stage of wheat, use 10% fenoxaprop-P-ethyl at 10–20 g per acre, or 7.5% clethodim microemulsion at 50–80 ml, or 6.9% quizalofop-p-ethyl microemulsion at 50–60 ml, mixed with 50 kg of water and sprayed evenly. 2. For broadleaf weeds, after wheat seedlings have 3 leaves, apply 10–20 g of 10% benzoxazolinone or 5 g of 40% pendimethalin or 50–70 g of 50% mesotrione per mu, or combine with 20 ml of 20% glyphosate, mixed with 25 kg of water and sprayed when weeds are at the 4-leaf stage. 3. In mixed fields with single and double cotyledon weeds, apply 120–180 g of 50% triallate wettable powder per mu, mixed with 50 kg of water and sprayed evenly. **III. Important Notes** 1. Always follow three key conditions for safe and efficient herbicide use: sufficient soil moisture, young weed age, and adequate dosage. 2. Do not use herbicides containing amine benzoxon in rape fields. 3. When applying herbicides, always use the two-step dilution method—never pour the concentrate directly into the sprayer. 4. Choose sunny, windless weather with temperatures around 10°C for best results. Avoid application if the temperature drops below 6°C. 5. After applying pesticides, clean the equipment thoroughly to prevent damage to other crops or the environment. By following these guidelines, farmers can effectively manage weeds in their fields while ensuring safety and environmental protection.

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