One of the key steps in sweet potato cultivation is raising the seedlings. After planting for 7 to 10 days, it's important to apply fertilizers to promote healthy growth. A recommended dose is 20-30 kilograms of human and animal manure water, along with 10-15 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate or 5 kilograms of urea. Alternatively, using 4-10 kilograms of high-efficiency compound fertilizer (around 7-10 kilograms) can also be effective. At the same time, mix 100-150 kilograms of plant ash with 25-30 kilograms of superphosphate and apply it between the ridges, not directly into the furrows. This base fertilizer should only be combined with human and animal manure water and high-efficiency compound fertilizer. When the vines start to grow, apply 0.5 kg of zinc sulfate or 0.8 kg of compound zinc fertilizer in 50 kg of water as a foliar spray. In early October, spray 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 150 grams of urea in 50 kg of water, repeating this 2-3 times to enhance tuber development.

The second step involves pruning and managing the vines. Once the sweet potato seedlings have established themselves, all the runners should be removed. This helps shorten the vines, increase branching, and boost leaf production, which improves the overall plant structure and promotes more tuber formation. It's crucial not to twist the vines or "hit the vine" as this can damage the plants. Instead, take the opportunity to trim the fibrous roots and control leggy growth, ensuring the plants remain compact and productive.

The third aspect is flood prevention. Regularly cleaning the ditches and repairing the ridges is essential to avoid waterlogging. Ensuring that there is no standing water in the furrows will help maintain good soil aeration and prevent root rot, especially during heavy rains.

The final step is timely harvesting. Sweet potatoes are typically harvested around mid-November, depending on the purpose—whether for planting, consumption, or feeding. The vines can be used as vegetables, while the leaves can be made into silage for animal feed. It’s important to harvest at the right time, as both early and late harvesting can reduce yield, quality, and storage life. If needed, fresh potatoes can be dug up earlier to meet market demands or for immediate use.

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