Why do cauliflower only have big buttons?

On the cauliflower planted in spring and autumn, it is often found that some of the cauliflower plants form only the size of the egg, or even the size of the button. This phenomenon is called “flower”, and the vegetable grower also calls it “button flower”.

Early flower cause

The early maturing varieties were planted too late, the management failed to keep up, and the plants were still young and encountered prematurely low temperature stimulation, which induced early differentiation and formation of flower bulbs. It is most common in the cultivation of autumn cauliflower.

The seedling age is too long or the dead seedlings are planted. The vegetative growth is not normal, or the flower ball begins to form when there is not enough growth, so a small flower ball is produced, which is common in the cultivation of spring cauliflower. Early-maturing varieties will also have early flowering after the high temperature, drought or waterlogging disaster and the seedling age is too long, resulting in shortening of the vegetative period.

Management of fertilizer and water has not kept up. Insufficient nitrogen deficiency or water will inhibit the growth of the upper part of the plant, resulting in the formation of flower balls in advance, and the ball has poor quality. After the seedlings are not timely, the seedlings are not timely. If the seedlings are short, the watering is too early, and the plants are easy to "crazy".

Variety maturity is inconsistent. The seed-retaining process failed to be selected according to the number of varieties, resulting in the mixing of strong and weak winter varieties. Or improper selection of varieties, when the autumn cultivar is used for spring cultivation, because the autumn type is vernalized faster, when the leaf area is small, the flower ball can be produced, leading to the early ball.

The planting density is too large, the vegetative growth of cauliflower is not fully developed, and the soil is poor.

Preventive measures

Choose loam that is deep, rich in organic matter, and loose and fertile. Applying the base fertilizer, the lotus seedlings and the flower formation period are timely topdressing and watering.

Master the characteristics of the variety. In particular, large-scale planting of new varieties should be promoted after successful trials.

Sowing at the right time. In Hunan, early-maturing varieties can be sown early in late June, and mid-maturing varieties are usually sown in July-August. When spring cauliflower is used in late late maturing varieties, sowing in late August is appropriate.

Timely colonization. Early-maturing varieties strictly control the seedling age in about 20 days (the pseudo-planting period is controlled at 10 days), the true leaves are planted at 5-6 pieces, and the mid-late-maturing varieties are 7-8 pieces when planted. The planting row spacing is 60 cm for early maturing varieties, 40 cm for narrow rows, and 26 to 33 cm for plant spacing; the mid-late maturity variety is 80 cm wide, 50 cm narrow, and the plant spacing is about 40 cm.

Strengthen fertilizer and water management after seedling stage and planting. Pre-planting requires short-term arch sheds to avoid too cold temperatures. After the early autumn cauliflower planting, conditions should be created to make it faster and slower.

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