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Middle-term Drought Management Techniques for Maize Potatoes
Since the beginning of this year, the overall precipitation in our province has been relatively low. In March and April, the precipitation in most parts of our province has dropped by 40% to 90%. Since late May, the temperature in our province has rapidly risen and the soil loss has increased. Baiyin, Dingxi, Lanzhou, Qing Yang and other places have even occurred in the autumn and winter seasons, causing severe droughts in the spring and summer seasons, which has caused serious drought-affected agricultural production in our province. As of mid-June, the province's crop area was affected by 9.7 million mu of drought and 368 million mu of drought. In order to reduce the damage caused by drought, people in drought-stricken areas should timely plunder seeds and replant crops. At present, for plots of spring wheat, flax and other crops that have not been harvested due to drought due to drought in certain areas, the land that could not be planted in the spring drought should be replanted and replanted in combination with rainfall. The main crops are millet, medlar, buckwheat and beans. Small grains mainly. Areas where vegetables are grown can grow some vegetables with a short growing period, and areas with developed aquaculture can combine breeding with some forage crops or green manure, such as double crop feed rape, arrow peas, and so on. Autumn crops such as potato and corn have been weakened due to drought, and areas with severe drought conditions can be combined with rainwater cellars to carry out artificial point pouring to ease drought. At the same time, field management must be strengthened to promote transformation and upgrading of the seedlings. First, corn drought management techniques in the middle and late 1. The cultivator soil, remove the joints after the jointing period of rapid growth of corn, weeds timely removal of weeds, cultivator soil, removal of tillers, thereby reducing nutrient consumption. The cultivating soil in the cultivator is to thicken the soil layer of the roots and form a high ridge of about 20 cm to prevent the weather from causing corn lodging. 2. Top-dressing corn topdressing should be due to the field, due to the seedling science topdressing. The first is to apply the "subtractive fertilizer" during the jointing stage to ensure that the plants are robust and promote the differentiation of panicles. Generally, about 10 to 15 kg of urea is applied. The second is to reapply the "tapping fertilizer" during the big bell mouth period to promote the multi-graining of the ear and generally 30 kg of urea per mu. The third is the grain filling period, using the method of foliar dressing, with 1% ~ 2% of urea solution or 0.1% ~ 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution foliar spray, in order to extend the function of leaves, and promote grouting. Deferring heavy plots can increase the number of leaf sprays and supplement fertilizers. 3. Pest control 1 Locust sprayed with 40% omethoate EC 1000 times or 50% anti-Weiwei WP. 2 size spot with 75% chlorothalonil WP 800 times or 50% carbendazim 500 to 1000 times, 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 500 to 800 times, spray every 7 days or so 1 Times, even against 2 to 3 times. 3 Smut Infestation Before spraying male corn, spray 50% carbendazim or 5% thiram, control 1 or 2 times, can effectively reduce the disease. The diseased plants should be pulled out in time and brought to deep disposal outside the field. 4 Rust with 65% dexamethasone 500 times or 25% triadimefon WP 1000 ~ 1500 times, spray 7 to 10 days, even spray 2 or 3 times. 5 corn glutinous, corn granules at the end of the last phase of the heart control 1% 1605 granules, 1.5 to 2 grams per plant, scattered into the heart of the bell or 1% with 5% methyl isothione granules, each mixing cinder 2 grams of strain, was scattered into the heart. 6 When spider mites occur, they are sprayed 2-3 times with 0.2% aovecide cream 2500 times or 1.8% chizumi gram emulsion 3000 times. 4. Timely and late harvest When the corn milk line disappears or the leaves are dry, when the ear drops, it is harvested. Second, the potato in the late drought management techniques 1. Soil, top-dressing potatoes during the budding period of cultivating soil, combined with cultivating clay acres of 8 to 10 kg of urea, and timely removal of buds, conservation of nutrients for tuber enlargement. Potatoes are more sensitive to potash, and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used for foliar dressing in flowering or potato. 2. Pest control 1 Aphid control 40% dimethoate or 5% anti-influx WP, 10% imiprotin WP, and 2.5% cymoxanthin EC spray control. 2 The prevention of potato early and late blight can be prevented by 70% mancozeb WP 500 to 600 times. After the onset of disease, 58% of Podson can use WP 100 to 120 grams of water to spray 40 to 50 kg of leaf. Or use 64% antiviral 500 times fluid, 40% calcium aluminum phosphorus manganese zinc prevention and treatment, once every 7 days prevention, even prevention 2 to 3 times. 3. The harvest of mature potato should be harvested as soon as possible. After harvesting, it should be dried and sweated. The injured potatoes and rotten potatoes should be removed and stored in the pit. Surveys show that most of the drought-prone land in our province are traditionally cultivated in the open field, while crops covered by full-film cultivation have significantly better crops such as corn and potatoes than open fields, demonstrating superior drought-resilient capacity. The effects of scientific and technological drought and active drought relief are highlighted. Therefore, it is suggested that farmers in the dry areas should increase the application of new techniques such as corn full-membrane double furrow sowing technology, potato full-film ridge lateral seeding technology, and wheat full-film mulching sowing and sowing techniques, plan in advance, actively fight drought, and strive to stabilize grain production. high yield.