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Garlic long onion tube leafhopper
At present, a peculiar condition known as "onion tubular leaves" has been observed in garlic fields in Yongnian County, Hebei Province. From my own observations, the affected area is around 20%, with some fields reaching over 30% severity. This condition occurs when the fifth leaf of the garlic plant fails to develop properly, causing it to form a tight, tubular structure that wraps around the sixth and seventh leaves, as well as the garlic sprout. As a result, the inner leaves and sprouts become difficult to extract. Normally, garlic leaves are flat and elongated with a V-shaped cross-section, but in this case, the leaves are tightly wrapped, leaving only a small opening at the top. This issue has been reported for about five or six years, but it has worsened significantly in the past two years.
After conducting field investigations, several factors have been identified as contributing to this problem. One key factor is sowing time—garlic planted too early tends to have more onion-like leaves, while later planting results in fewer cases. Another factor is the exchange of garlic seeds; if seeds are sourced from different regions in Shandong, the occurrence of tubular leaves can be reduced, though not entirely eliminated. Additionally, soil deficiencies, particularly boron deficiency, along with excessive nitrogen fertilizer application, have also been linked to this phenomenon.
With the current season entering the critical growth stage for garlic, there is still no effective treatment available to reverse the condition. Farmers are currently resorting to manual intervention to minimize losses. The method involves using a large sewing needle to carefully pierce the base of the tubular leaf, avoiding damage to the garlic sprout. The needle is then slid horizontally through the tube, allowing the outer layers to be peeled away, thus freeing the inner leaves and sprouts. This process requires care and precision to ensure the plant remains healthy and continues to grow properly. While not a perfect solution, it helps improve the quality and marketability of the garlic crop.