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Fruit tree fertilization pay more attention to
A significant number of fruit growers apply fertilizers in an unscientific and improper manner, often placing the fertilizer too close to the tree trunk. This practice not only lowers the efficiency of nutrient uptake but also harms the root system, which can negatively affect root development, flowering, and ultimately reduce fruit yield.
The primary way fruit trees absorb nutrients is through their root hairs, which are responsible for taking up water and essential minerals from the soil. Fertilizing near these root hairs can significantly improve nutrient absorption and boost both yield and profitability. Normally, the horizontal roots of fruit trees extend outward from the trunk, covering a range that is typically 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the tree’s canopy. Most of the fine roots are concentrated at the outer edge of the canopy projection, with a vertical distribution pattern. Root depth varies depending on the species, soil conditions, and management practices. For example, apple, peach, and plum trees usually have shallow root systems, extending about 40 centimeters deep, while pear and grape trees tend to have deeper root systems, reaching around 80 centimeters. Therefore, fertilization should be applied at or near the edge of the canopy projection. For trees with deep roots, deeper application is recommended, while shallow-rooted trees require more surface-level fertilization.
Organic fertilizers decompose slowly, providing nutrients over a longer period, making them ideal for deep application. In contrast, chemical fertilizers are more mobile and should be applied more shallowly. In densely planted orchards, it's best to apply organic fertilizers deeply between rows and use a lighter application between individual plants. Care should be taken to avoid damaging large roots, as this can reduce the effectiveness of the fertilizer. By following these proper techniques, farmers can maximize fertilizer efficiency, improve plant health, and ultimately increase their harvest and income.