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Control Techniques of Main Cinnamon Pests
Cinnamon is a medicinal plant and the whole body is a treasure. Xijiang cinnamon and laurel oil are well-known spices and medicinal products in the international and domestic markets. Therefore, the cultivation of cinnamon is a good way to develop the rural economy and help the mountainous areas get out of poverty. At present, only the planting area of ​​cinnamon in Zhaoqing and Yunfu of the province has reached more than 1.5 million mu. Due to the rapid expansion of the cinnamon planting area and the frequent transportation of seedlings, new pests have been found to be seriously damaged in recent years. There are three main insect pests that harm cinnamon: First, it is estimated that in 1992, Yunan County estimated that the blind locust caused the death of cinnamon and resulted in the loss of an area of ​​more than 30,000 mu. The farmers called it “Guijingâ€. The second is the cinnamon double-leaf moth. According to a 1989 survey, Xijiang Forestry Bureau had 11 forest farms under its jurisdiction. The rate of damaged cinnamon plants reached 90%, and the mortality rate of young shoots was 63%. It was difficult for the affected plants to grow up. The third is cinnamon wood moth, drilled cinnamon sticks, serious mortality rate of 90% of the affected strains, generally 30% to 40%, the rest of the local occurrence of weevil, cutworm (crested silkworm), scale insects, etc. . The biological characteristics of the first and the third largest pests 1. Blister blubber is a new species of Blisteridae, occurring more than six generations per year in Guangdong. At about 20°C, the average duration of each generation is 41-45 days. Each female can produce 18-35 eggs and the eggs are scattered. There are two peak periods in one year. The first peak is 4-5. In this month, it is at this time that spring shoots have been pumped for a long period of time. The second peak is from the end of June to the beginning of October. It is the time when the summer and autumn shoots of cinnamon are continuously extracted and the foodstuffs are abundant. In November, the temperature dropped and the density gradually decreased. The bubble shield sucks the cassia bark of the cinnamon green stem with sucking mouthparts. The average adult sucking can cause 6 wounds per day, and the nymph averages 5 wounds. It was learned from the study that the blattaid larvae carry the two species of spores of the genus Aspergillus and Pseudomonas sclerotiorum when feeding, so that the wound quickly forms dark brown spots, and quickly expands into water-stained, ulcerated spots, which dry up. After the epidermis cracked, the stems of the stems were destroyed by the transmission of tissue, and the branches and leaves died of dryness. 2. Cinnamomum cinnamomea occurs six times a year in Guangdong. At 27°C, the average duration of each generation is 26-30 days. Each female can lay at least 5 eggs, with a maximum of 53 eggs and an average of 16 grains. The first generation of larvae occurs in April each year. The second generation is in early May to early June. The third generation is in June to July. From June to August every year, a large number of larvae occur in this year. This worm has a tending to shoot spawning habits. Each time the young shoots are 5 cm or less, it is an important control time for this worm to enter the immersion. After the shoots turn green, the newly hatched larvae cannot invade. In general, forest farms or large-scale contiguous plantings of Gui village are serious. 3. Wood moths occur in Guangdong for 1 generation each year. In mid-March, pods were thawed in cinnamon stems, and spawning began in mid- and late April. The spawning period was May, and the larvae hatched from late May to June. The larvae lasted over 300 days. Larvae are large in size and have a large destructive power. They can stick into branches and stems and cause the shoots or whole cinnamon to die. The moth mainly occurs in Gui, which is more than four years old. Second, comprehensive prevention and control methods Cinnamon pest control should adopt the "based on agricultural control, timely and reasonable use of drugs, protection and release of natural enemies combined control of major pests and diseases do not disaster" comprehensive measures. 1. The selection of disease-free seedlings as seedlings based on agricultural control, brooded eggs, larvae and cocoons of wood moth all overwinter in branches and stems, from December to March of the following year, combined with winter and spring harvests. Guizhi and cassia bark, which remove pests and insects and have died of cinnamon sticks and stems, moved away from the Guiyuan and were concentrated and burned away, which can greatly reduce the density of worms in the following year. 2. In time, we use pesticides to control the broad-spectrum organophosphorus compound pesticide Guiluling (also known as disinfestation) that we developed. It has moderate toxicity, excellent contact and stomach toxicity, rapid drug effect and good effect. . The drug is 250 ml per bottle and is 1500-2000 times diluted with water. Every year at the end of April, mid-May, late July, mid-August, and mid-September, each drug is sprayed, with emphasis on the use of 3 to 5 cm of cinnamon shoots, which can prevent and control blind lice, double-spotted moths, and wood. Moths, weevil pests, weasel and other pests, control effect can reach 90 to 96%. Yunan County adopts an integrated prevention and control technology area of ​​more than 200,000 mu. It mainly focuses on the prevention and control of blind locusts and solves the problem of transmission of diseases and diseases. “Guijing†can be solved and it is worth promoting and applying throughout the country.