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1. Seasonal arrangement: high-temperature type mushrooms are generally stockpiled in mid-April, planted in early May, covered in late May, harvested in mid-June, and harvested in August; autumn mushrooms are generally stockpiled in late September, 10 Sowing on the month, fruiting in November and harvesting in April of the following year.
2. Selection of raw materials: Each planted 100 square meters of mushroom straw 2400 kg, biogas residue 2400 kg, bean cake powder 50 kg, urea 40 kg, superphosphate 50 kg, gypsum powder 50 kg, lime 50 kg, calcium carbonate 25 kg.
3. Pre-fermentation (construction and fermentation): The stacking time is generally set in the first 25 days of the next seeding, and the straw is wetted or soaked with water after 2-3 days before stockpiling. (1) Build a heap. First lay a layer of rice straw that is 2 meters wide and 0.3 meters thick. Then lay a layer of 0.02 meters thick residue. This way, one layer of straw will be piled on the ground and added with water, and the urea and superphosphate will be evenly added. And other accessories. After stacking 10-12 floors, the stack height is about 1.8 meters. Stack the top of the pile into a turtle shape so that the edge of the pile is vertical and cover it with a straw or a film to prevent rain. (2) Turn over. According to the weather and changes in the temperature of the stack, it usually turns 4 times. The interval time is 4, 4, 3, and 2 days. The digester and straw are mixed and loosened, and the external material is turned to the middle. The first turnover will make up for the moisture; the second turnover will reduce the stockpiles to 1.8 meters and 1.6 meters in height, and add 1/3 gypsum powder; before the fermentation in the room, the surrounding materials and sites should be 0.5% dichlorvos evenly sprayed once, and sealed with plastic film 6-12 hours, so that the heap material slightly fat, straw raw and cooked moderate, and toughness, not easily broken, soft and shiny; to achieve a water content of about 62% The pH is 7.5-8.
4. Post-fermentation (in-house fermentation): (1) Feeding and stacking. After the end of the pre-fermentation, loosen up and down the inside and outside of the culture material, evenly mix in the mushroom bed, the bottom 2 layers do not feed, and close the doors and windows. (2) The culture material is humidified. The material was warmed on the 2nd day after entering the room, and the room temperature was maintained at 60°C for about 10 hours and maintained for more than 7 days. Afterwards, the temperature naturally drops to about 50°C, maintains for 5-7 days, and changes the air every 3-10 hours for 15 minutes. (3) After the end of the fermentation, the culture material should be covered with white beneficial microbial hyphae. And to achieve some conditions: no ammonia, sweet and sweet bread, dark brown, soft and elastic, and sticky, moisture content of about 62%, pH 7.2-7.5.
5. Reversal: Spread the culture material evenly on the bed frames of all floors, pick up impurities, turn the material while mixing, loosen the edges, and flatten the edges to achieve uniform thickness, moderate elasticity, and smooth material surface.
6, sowing: wet until the material fell below 28% to sow. For each square meter, 1.2-1.5 bottles of “grain seed†strains are required. Seeding method: Mixing and surface-seeding methods are used. The first half of the bacteria should be spread evenly in the material, and then gently clean the material surface with a cleaning tool. Press with a flat plate, moderate tightness, after sowing the species, clean the mushroom house and keep the house clean.
7. Fermentation period management: 2 days after sowing, close the doors and windows. In the morning and evening ventilation, ventilation, the length of time determined by the temperature, generally below 25 °C without ventilation, appropriate ventilation above 28 °C, more than 30 °C to enhance ventilation. Under normal circumstances, ventilation every day for 1-2 hours, so that the bacteria grow longer. After 5 days of sowing, the amount of ventilation was gradually increased. After 25-30 days, the hyphae would grow over the material layer.
8. Earthwork management: Each square meter of planting area needs 3 cubic meters of mud and 250 kg of rough rice. Coarse rice bran is soaked in 0.5% lime water 1 day before casing. When covering the soil, mix the treated rough rice bran with the pond mud. Generally around 7 days, small buds can be seen. At this time, no water spray is needed. Just keep the air humidity at 90-95%. After 3-4 days, there will be a large number of mushrooms on the bed surface. This will allow harvesting.
Biogas residue cultivation of Agaricus bisporus technology
With the rapid popularization of biogas digesters, the desludging of biogas residue has become a real problem. For a variety of utilization pathways, it is worthwhile to promote the cultivation of edible fungi from biogas residue, and it is worth promoting.